How does a charcoal machine work?

A charcoal machine is a device that converts organic matter such as wood, straw, bamboo, fruit shells and other biomass materials into charcoal. The production process of charcoal relies on the principle of pyrolysis, that is, decomposing organic matter into charcoal, gas and liquid in a high temperature and oxygen-free environment. The charcoal machine controls factors such as temperature, pressure and time to make raw materials such as wood react chemically under anaerobic conditions to eventually produce charcoal.

1. Raw material preparation

In the charcoal production process, the selection of raw materials is crucial. Commonly used wood includes wood, bamboo, coconut shells, etc., and agricultural waste such as corn stalks and sugarcane bagasse can also be used. Charcoal machines usually require raw materials of uniform size and appropriate humidity, so the raw materials must first be pre-treated by cutting, crushing, drying, etc. to ensure that they can be better converted into charcoal at high temperatures.

2. Pyrolysis process

The core principle of the charcoal machine is pyrolysis reaction. Pyrolysis is to heat organic matter to 300-800°C in an oxygen-deficient environment to decompose it into gas, liquid and solid substances. In the charcoal machine, the raw materials are fed into a closed reactor and heated to the appropriate temperature by external heating or internal combustion.

Gas products: During the pyrolysis process, the volatile components in the raw materials are converted into combustible gases, which usually contain organic gases such as carbon monoxide and methane. Some charcoal machine designs allow these gases to be collected and used to heat the furnace or other production processes to improve energy efficiency.

Liquid products: In addition, moisture and certain organic chemical components in the raw materials are converted into liquids, such as wood vinegar and wood tar. The liquid can be collected as a by-product and used in the chemical industry or as a biofuel.

Solid product-charcoal: The solid product after pyrolysis is charcoal. Charcoal is a porous material with a high carbon content and good combustion characteristics. It is widely used in energy, metallurgy and other industries.

3. Temperature control system and oxygen-deficient environment

The charcoal machine adjusts the temperature in the furnace through a precise temperature control system to ensure that the pyrolysis reaction is carried out within the optimal temperature range. The temperature control system of most charcoal machines is equipped with temperature sensors and automatic adjustment systems to make the production process more stable.

During the charcoal production process, the furnace must maintain a low oxygen or hypoxia state. Charcoal machines are usually designed with a closed combustion chamber to prevent outside air from entering to ensure that the raw materials will not burn directly, but will undergo pyrolysis reactions.

4. Cooling and collection of charcoal

Charcoal machines are usually equipped with a cooling system to ensure that the charcoal is not affected by the outside air during the production process to avoid spontaneous combustion. Cooling can be carried out by natural air cooling or forced air cooling. Once the charcoal is cooled, it can be collected and packaged through the exhaust system and put into the market for sale.

The working principle of the charcoal machine is based on pyrolysis reaction, that is, by heating organic matter such as wood, it is decomposed into charcoal, gas and liquid in an oxygen-deficient environment. Its working process includes pretreatment of raw materials, pyrolysis reaction, waste gas and waste liquid treatment, and cooling and collection of charcoal.

The charcoal machine produced by Hengju Machinery has high production efficiency and uses high-quality stainless steel materials. It has more than 30 years of production experience. If you are interested in charcoal machines, please feel free to contact Hengju Machinery.